Kumana National Park – A Birdwatcher’s Paradise in Sri Lanka-by Kalani-eLanka
Kumana National Park, located on the southeastern coast of Sri Lanka in the Ampara District, is one of the island’s premier destinations for birdwatching and wildlife experiences. Covering an area of approximately 35,665 hectares, the park is part of the larger Yala East National Park and is renowned for its tranquil beauty, rich biodiversity, and cultural significance.
History and Location
Kumana National Park was originally declared a bird sanctuary in 1938 and was later designated as a national park in 1970. It borders the more famous Yala National Park, but unlike Yala, Kumana offers a quieter, more serene safari experience. The park lies about 391 kilometers from Colombo, making it accessible by road for both local and international travelers.
Wildlife and Birdlife
Kumana is especially famous for its wetlands and mangrove swamps, which provide an ideal habitat for a wide range of bird species. One of the main features of the park is the Kumana Villu, a 200-hectare natural swamp that fills with water during the rainy season and becomes a haven for nesting and migratory birds.
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More than 200 species of birds have been recorded in the park, including:
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Painted storks
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Eurasian spoonbills
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Pelicans
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White ibis
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Black-necked storks
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Egrets and herons
During the migratory season (usually from April to July), thousands of birds from as far as Siberia and India arrive to nest and breed, making it a spectacular sight for birdwatchers.
In addition to birds, the park is also home to:
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Elephants
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Leopards
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Jackals
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Wild boar
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Mugger crocodiles
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Turtles and monitor lizards
Cultural and Historical Significance
Kumana is not just about wildlife. The park also houses several ancient Buddhist ruins and rock inscriptions, reflecting its historical and cultural importance. The nearby Kudumbigala Monastery, which dates back to the 2nd century BCE, is a sacred site and a place of interest for visitors interested in Sri Lanka’s ancient heritage.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Kumana National Park is from April to September, especially for bird enthusiasts. The dry season ensures easier access and more animal sightings around water sources.
How to Get There
Visitors can reach Kumana from cities like Arugam Bay, which is just about 30 kilometers away. Most safaris to Kumana start from Panama Village, and guided jeep tours are the best way to explore the park safely and thoroughly.
Conservation Efforts
The Department of Wildlife Conservation in Sri Lanka manages the park and is actively involved in protecting its delicate ecosystems. Despite being less commercialized than other national parks, Kumana is vital for the conservation of migratory birds and native wildlife.
Kumana National Park is a hidden gem in Sri Lanka’s wildlife tourism scene. With its peaceful atmosphere, remarkable birdlife, and deep-rooted cultural ties, it offers an unforgettable experience for nature lovers and adventure seekers. Whether you’re an avid birder or simply looking to explore Sri Lanka’s natural beauty off the beaten path, Kumana is a destination worth visiting.
