The Importance of Poson Poya - By Donald Sarath Gunatillake

The Importance of Poson Poya – By Donald Sarath Gunatillake

Source : Qld Sri Lankan Newsletter – Dæhæna – June 2024

Vesak Poson Poya, a deeply significant day in the Buddhist calendar, is celebrated by Buddhists around the world, particularly in Sri Lanka. The day marks two pivotal events in Buddhist history: the Third Buddhist Council and the arrival of Arahath Mahinda in Sri Lanka.

The Third Buddhist Council, held in India, was a crucial gathering aimed at purifying Buddhism. Under the leadership of Arahant Moggaliputtatissa Thero, the council took several key decisions to ensure the authenticity and preservation of the Buddha’s teachings. They purified the Buddhist canon, identified the Abhidhamma as a separate basket, thereby completing the Tripitaka, and initiated the dissemination of Buddhism to other countries by sending nine missions. This council was instrumental in spreading Buddhism beyond the Indian subcontinent.

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The arrival of Arahath Mahinda in Sri Lanka is of immense historical and cultural significance. Arahath Mahinda, the son of Emperor Asoka, arrived in Mihintale, in the Anuradhapura District, on Poson Poya day. His meeting with King Devanampiyatissa marked the introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka. This event is celebrated as the foundation of Buddhism in the country. Arahath Mahinda’s teachings, particularly the Chula Haththipadopama Sutta, led to the conversion of the King and his followers to Buddhism. This momentous occasion not only transformed the religious landscape but also catalysed significant cultural and political changes in Sri Lanka.

The conversion of Queen Anula and her attendants further solidified Buddhism’s presence in Sri Lanka. Arahath Mahinda’s suggestion to invite Sangamitta Therani, a female monk, to ordain Queen Anula and
her followers led to the establishment of the Order of Nuns in Sri Lanka, further embedding Buddhist practices in the societal fabric.

Poson Poya is second only to Vesak Poya in importance for Sri Lankan Buddhists. During the Poson season, pilgrims flock to Mihintale and Anuradhapura to partake in religious programs, processions, and community services such as Danselas. The arrival of Mahinda Thero brought profound changes, including advancements in arts, crafts, architecture, and literature, contributing to a cultural renaissance in Sri Lanka.

In essence, Poson Poya is not only a celebration of the historical events that shaped Buddhism in Sri Lanka but also a recognition of the broader impact these events had on the Buddhist world. The day serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of these significant moments in Buddhist history.