Hugh Karunanayake

THE DEMISE OF THE MANAGING AGENT – IS IT A PARADIGM SHIFT ? – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE The commercial sector in Sri Lanka, long regarded as the engine that pushed economic growth in the island, was almost up to the end of the last century dominated by agency houses, a relic of colonial days. When the country then known as Ceylon was flourishing within a global economy dominated by US and British interests up to the middle of the twentieth century,  its plantation driven economy was managed largely by agency houses. Companies like George Steuarts, Carson Cumberbatch, Whittall s, Gordon Frazer, Bosanquet and Skrine( subsequently merged with Whittals), Hayleys,Mackwoods, Leechmans, and others  were managing agents acting on behalf of plantation companies or proprietary planters  in managing and operating   estates. Income from the plantation sector dominated the national budget. With the granting of independence to the erstwhile colony, and the gradual ...

Read More →

“OLD HENRY POLE WHO GOT THE WORK IN THE MATARA COURTS IN A MESS ‘ – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE The words above were expressed by Mr Edward Elliott  Government Agent of the Southern Province in 1860. Henry Pole was  in the Ceylon Civil Service for 26 years.It was an age where Civil Servants (mainly British)were appointed to Judicial positions. He was Police Magistrate Mulaitivu in  1845, then at Galle for a couple of years each in different judicial capacities then as District Judge Matara, and finally District Judge Batticaloa from where he retired in 1971. Henry Pole who served in the Ceylon Civil Service from 1845 to 1871, married the 18 year old daughter of Joseph Price also of the Ceylon Civil Service on 2 February 1853. Pole was himself in his fifties when he married his eighteen year old bride. Henry Pole was Police Magistrate Mulaitivu when he married. ...

Read More →

THE CONVERTIBLE CRAZE OF THE 1950s-by HUGH KARUNANAYAKE CADILLAC ELDORADO CONVERTIBLE 1953 Source:Island Image Source:Island The Korean boom of 1950/51 which created record disposable incomes within the country, elevated standards of living among those who already enjoyed a reasonably comfortable life, but sadly did not have the “trickle down” effect which most Keynesian economists of the day desired. As we all know, the much vaunted “welfare state” of Ceylon soon began to creak under the weight of welfare costs, and by mid 1953 the government took away one of the keystones of its welfare arch, by withdrawing the subsidized rice rations made available in better times. The Hartal organised by the LSSP on August 12. 1953 led to police action resulting in nine deaths. It was to be the first significant anti government protest since independence was granted in 1948. ...

Read More →

THE PRINCE OF WALES ‘ SLAUGHTER DRIVEN VISIT TO CEYLON IN 1870 – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE Queen Victoria’ s eldest son the Duke of Edinburgh, the Prince of Wales made a much publicised visit to Ceylon in 1870. John Capper then Editor of the Times of Ceylon, even authored a book titled “ The Duke of Edinburgh in Ceylon, a book of elephant and elk hunting”to cover the visit. . The Duke was 29 years of age and reputed to be have had a great expertise in foreign affairs. His visit to Ceylon was part of a tour which included India. The tour took place in an age when the hunting of wild animals including birds was considered a” Gentleman’s sport” The Duke undoubtedly lived up to the expected standards  of the day. He arrived in Colombo in the ship “Serapis” to a ceremonial welcome led by the Governor WH ...

Read More →

THE PROPRIETARY PLANTER -AN EXTINCT-by Hugh Karunanayake Source:Island The colonial history of Sri Lanka is characterised by the partial control of the country by the Portuguese and the Dutch, and complete control by the British. In the broader context of the colonisation of the South of the globe by the North, Sri Lanka together with British India were “transient” colonies as compared to the “settler” colonies of Africa, Australia, and the Americas. While the Portuguese and the Dutch were interested in the cinnamon that grew naturally in the island, they did not have access or control of the mid or high country of the island which were controlled and came under the suzerainty of the Sinhalese kings. Furthermore, the vast expanse of the country’s hinterland excepting the ‘dry zone’ was under thick forest cover. No attempt was made by either the Portuguese or the Dutch to engage in systematic cultivation ...

Read More →

THE CONVERTIBLE CRAZE OF THE 1950s – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE The Korean boom of 1950/51 which created record disposable incomes within the country, ,elevated standards of living among those who already enjoyed a reasonably comfortable life, but sadly did not  have the “trickle down” effect which most Keynesian economists of the day desired. As we all know; the much vaunted “welfare state’ of Ceylon soon began to creak under the weight of welfare costs, and by mid 1953 the government took away one of the keystones of its welfare arch, by withdrawing the free rice rations made available in better times. The Hartal organised by the LSSP on 12 August 1953 led to police action resulting in 9 deaths. It was to be the first significant anti government protest since independence was granted in 1948. The early nineteen fifties was an era yet to be influenced by overseas air travel. ...

Read More →

OBITUARY – PROF RAJA C BANDARANAYAKE – (4 April 1935 – 18 Jan 2024 – By   Hugh Karunanayake PROF RAJA BANDARANAYAKE Three months ago, I received an email from Dr Raja Bandaranayake, stating that he was just diagnosed with MND or motor neurone disease. That was shocking news to me, but typified his honesty and open attitude to life.,  Professor Raja Bandaranayake the internationally renowned medical educator passed away on  18 January just a few months short of his 89 th birthday. Born in Kandy, Raja had most of his secondary education at St Thomas College, Mount Lavinia, from where he entered the Faculty of Medicine in Colombo. On passing his medical degree, he was appointed demonstrator at the Colombo University followed by a spell of about five years as lecturer in the University of Ceylon in Peradeniya. He migrated to Australia in the early 1960s and worked in medical ...

Read More →

LIONEL WENDT, COUNT DE MAUNY, DAVID PAYNTER, AND RAMAN – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE The self styled “Count”. De Mauny  was born as Maurice Marie Talavande on 21 March  1886.  The circumstances under which he left for Ceylon were controversial, some writers suggesting that he was compelled to leave France  for misbehaviour with young men in his charge. None of there rumours have ever been established, and to this day remain as rumours. According to William Warren author of the book ”Tropical Asian Style”, de Mauny  was first invited to Ceylon in 1912 by SIr Thomas Lipton the tea magnate. He followed that up with several subsequent  visits concluding with his purchase of an island off the coast of Weligama, which was only a rocky outcrop one and a half acres in extent and overrun with weeds. He paid Rs 250 for the island, and soon settled down to design, construct, ...

Read More →

OBITUARY – PRASANNA NIMAL WIKRAMANAYAKE. KC (11 August 1933 – 20 December 2023) – By Hugh Karunanayake Nimal Wikramanayake, KC, eminent lawyer and the only Asian born Kings Counsel in Australia, passed away on 20 December at a private nursing home where he was recuperating following surgery. He celebrated his 90th birthday just a few months ago. Born in Colombo as the second son to EG(Guy) Wikramanayake, a leading counsel in Colombo in his day, Nimal schooled at S Thomas College, Mount Lavinia. On leaving school, unlike his elder brother Ranji a well known endocrinologist  in Sydney, Nimal chose to follow in the footsteps of his forefathers. His paternal grandfather Edward Beauchamp was a lawyer himself, but it was Edward Beuchamp’s two sons Eric Bird, and Emil Guy, who created legal history by being granted silk, the only instance in Sri Lanka of two brothers being appointed Kings Counsel. Nimal’s ...

Read More →

CULTURAL VANDALISM SHOULD BE ERADICATED ! – By HUGH KARUNANAYAKE Sri Lanka is a country with a recorded history of over 2500 years. Few countries in the world could match that record. A nation’s  history brings with it a certain accumulation of historical facts, culture, customs and manners which combine to provide contemporary society with a base that  is inspirational and serves also as a platform for a unique understanding of our environment. Unfortunately, over the years there have been many elements from within our own society, who either under estimate the value of a sophisticated culture or allow mercenary instincts to dominate their thinking.  There are many recorded instances of cultural vandalism in Sri Lanka, and I focus on two examples that should serve to highlight the extent of the problem, and the need to take effective action. The unfortunate ending to “Mill House” in Gintota  is the first ...

Read More →